Mario Aguilar explores one of the less researched aspects of cultural, political and national identity, namely religion and ritual. It is through ritual that the Boorana (Oromo) of Eastern Kenya have remained part of a wider political process affecting the whole Oromo nation. As most scholars have pointed out in the past, the Boorana have converted to Islam and Christianity, and it is with those historical processes in mind that the author explores the role of age groups in social-political transformations, while describing the ritual life of an African community today.

The book constitutes an exhaustive study of the Oromo religion in Kenya, and it develops the concept of a religious diversification' rather than of syncretism. The study portrays the dynamics of pastoralism in Kenya as an important phenomenon for our understanding of the modern African nation-states, and the challenge it poses to the centralization of the modern post-colonial state in Kenya.